The Origins Of North America - 812 Words

North America is a region in the North Hemisphere, and is also deemed a subcontinent. One thing that shaped North America current physical geography was glaciers. Glaciers are what influence majority of the current landscape of North America today. North America also has a wide range of natural hazards that affects the region more than any other continent, due to the proximity of water and the latitude. The region also has a long history of the influences of the European settlers and help shaped the human geography. The current physical geography of North America was formed from the role that the glaciers played. Glaciers used to cover majority parts of the region. The ice slowly began to melt and loosen up the soil and rocks. Ray Louis writes, â€Å"†¦the glaciers smoothed, polished, and scratched the rock outcrops, producing a more subdued landscape† (Louis). The soil and rock would then become an abrasive and was the beginning of shaping the landscape. The glaciers me lting wore down the hilltops and valleys began to fill up. The melting of the glaciers also began to carry large rubble of different sizes and would clog the rivers with gravel and sand. The thawing glaciers slowly shaped the current physical geography of North America. As a result, these resources form mountains, streams, and lakes. North America has a wide range of natural hazards due to the latitude and proximity of water. The latitude and proximity play a part in the spreading of climate related disaster inShow MoreRelated The Origins of Chattel Slavery in Colonial North America Essay1579 Words   |  7 PagesThe Origins of Chattel Slavery in Colonial North America There have been many illuminating studies in the field of the origins of chattel slavery in Colonial North America. Alpert, 1970; Edmondson, 1976; Jordan, 1962: Ruchames, 1967; Starr, 1973, wrote seminal studies that did much to bring insight to the subject. Goetz, 2009; Mason, 2006; Smaje, 2002; Neeganagwedgin, 2012, presented evidence that have either reexamined old questions or used new methods and approaches to ask news questionsRead MoreNafta And Theu.s. North American Free Trade Agreement1063 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The formation of NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) has brought many advantages among the nations of the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. Since its inception in 1994, it is difficult to see the great effect NAFTA has economically whether it is good or bad due to currency fluctuations, and economic growth (Villarreal Fergusson, 2014). This is why the paper will go into the advantages that NAFTA has brought to the countries mentioned above. The advantages that will be discussedRead MoreThe Caribbean Plate And Its Evolution, Origin And The Active Physical Process Within Tectonic Environments1685 Words   |  7 PagesTHE CARIBBEAN PLATE Evolution and Origin Ronald Gobin B00673944 Erth 4350 Professor: Nicholas Culshaw December 6th 2016 Introduction The following report will introduce the topic of the Caribbean plate and its evolution, origin and the active physical process within tectonic environments. The Pacific model will be discussed in this paper, and assumes the formation of the Caribbean plate at the Galapagos hotspot in the Pacific Ocean during the Middle Cretaceous. Regional SettingRead MoreHeterosexual Natural And Homosexual Aberrant Axiom1117 Words   |  5 Pagespursue it in America. The new and different interpretations of the racial and sexual binaries also expose the primary violence that creates binaries and accommodates the human desire for transcendence. The racial and sexual triad creates a new binary opposition; it repositions white and black males as essential and Vietnamese women as secondary. The poem’s black narrator ignores this new binary opposition, or stabilization of relationships, possibly because he assumes its origin is natural. ItRead MoreDiversity in American Culture and Civilization1759 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Diversity in American Cultures Background Historically there is no civilization or American culture. In the territory of todays America before the Spanish conquest, there were culturally heterogeneous societies, in broad regional shared, throughout its history and with a variable duration, the influence of common civilizational horizons. Introduction The extraordinary cultural diversity inherited from the original American cultures and of the Spain of the three great religions joinedRead MoreAfrican Slave Trade1029 Words   |  5 PagesAfricanization of slavery in the Americas was not inevitable. B: Source D is portraying the effect of Atlantic slave trade on Africa, Europe and only North America. The cartoon depicts a pile of gold stacked on the continent of Europe and North America, and African is shown to be dug up completely. The message this cartoon portrays is that Atlantic slave trade helped North America and Europe to become rich, and caused complete exhaustion of all the resources in Africa. 2: The origin of Source A is from HistoryRead MoreMinorities695 Words   |  3 Pagesabout 79 percent of our population. The common ancestries are from Europe and the Middle East. They came to North America and homesteaded here learning from the natives. After time, more of Europe sailed over and the population grew. The White American has been the most promenade race in the United States since Columbus sailed to North America. The natives taught the Europeans to live in America and then after time instead of living in peace we took over there land, killed them, and segregated themRead MoreUnderstanding The Distributions Of Religions942 Words   |  4 Pagespeople living in one place. Atheism is the belief that there is no God and Agnosticism is the belief that the fact that there is a God or no God cannot be proven. Christianity is a universalizing religion. It is the dominant religion in North America, South America, Europe, and Australia. Countries with a Christian majority exist in Africa and Asia as well. There are three major branches of Christianity–Roman Catholicism, Protestantism, and Orthodoxy. In Europe, Roman Catholicism is the dominant branchRead More Foods That Influenced The World Essay843 Words   |  4 Pageshad turkey and dressing, cranberry sauce and pumpkin pie. While most people think of foods like pecan pie and cornbread stuffing as being southern in origin, they don’t realize that what their eating has it’s roots in the native American culture. I intend to show how much of the food we eat today was first cultivated by the native people of the Americas. Moreover, the impact this food has had upon the world. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;When the early explorers sailed back to Europe, they took withRead MoreEnglish Language866 Words   |  4 PagesIndex 1. Presentation Page 2. Index 3. Introduction 4. Origin of English Language 5. Origin of the English Language 6. Origin of the English Language 7. How did the English Language spread around the world? amp; English as a major business communication around the world. } 8. Conclusion Introduction The English Language has been spoken for many years, in this project I will talk about its origin and how it is divided in different periods you can how it has transformation

Raymond Carver - 1583 Words

Raymond Carver (1938-1988) was a poet and a simple realist writer of short stories. His prose addresses the average working-class citizen. Bill Mullen describes the book that contains the short story â€Å"What We Talk About We Talk About Love† to the â€Å"distinctly post-modern fate of contemporary working-class Americans† (Bloom). The writings are depressing and riddled with failures in life. The textbook calls his school of writing â€Å"Alcoholic Blue-Collar Minimalist Hyperrealism† (Bayam). This is evident in his stories; as alcohol is almost always present and not always in a good way. This story was an outlet for Carver’s healing form alcoholism as the timeline of this story is released not long after his last drink. The story was originally†¦show more content†¦The closest we get to knowing about love is examples of what a few characters recognize as love. Mel says, â€Å"it ought to make us feel ashamed when we talk like we know what we ’re talking about when we talk about love† (Carver 146) showing loves ambiguity. The light eventually fades out completely symbolizing that, maybe, no one really knows what love is. Mel, a heart surgeon, who describes himself as merely a mechanic (149), this appealing to the blue-collar persona. A heart doctor talking about love is ironic. Mel talks about wanting to come back as a knight; an architype of loyalty, romance, and chivalry. Although, he does talk about carrying around ladies and makes a pass at Laura during this part of the conversation. The autobiography explains that during his relationship with Maryann there were many infidelities on carver’s part. Mel describes the knight’s armor as an apparatus to protect the knight. symbolizing an armor some put up to not feel anything, including love, so as not to get hurt. Terri reminded him that the knights armor sometimes was the very death of the knight. Carver’s drinking problem almost killed him much like the knight’s armor, drinking can numb feelings. Maryann and Carver both struggled with alcoholism and attended many AA meetings before. Maryann had a spiritual awakening which started their journey for sobriety. Mel mentions that â€Å"everyone is a vessel to someone†Show MoreRelatedCathedral (by Raymond Carver)1131 Words   |  5 PagesCathedral: A Lesson for the Ages Raymond Carver s short story, Cathedral, portrays a story in which many in today s society can relate. We are introduced from the first sentence of the story to a man that seems to be perturbed and agitated. As readers, we are initially unsure to the reasoning s behind the man s discomfort. The man, who seems to be a direct portrayal of Raymond Carver himself, shows his ignorance by stereotyping a blind man by the name of Robert, who has come to stay withRead More`` Cathedral `` By Raymond Carver992 Words   |  4 Pageswritten by Raymond Carver in 1981. Raymond Carver is most well known for his short stories and is even an writer credited with reviving the then dying form of literature. A part of a collection of short stories, â€Å"Cathedral† was the last to be published and was included in 1982’s Best American Short Stories. â€Å"Cathedral is different from the other works of Carver due to the humanistic realism that is given to his characters, which had not been seen before in his works. This shift earned Carver the criticalRead MoreThe Cathedral By Raymond Carver Essay937 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Cathedral† Born on May 25, 1938 in Clatskanie, Oregon, Raymond Carver was destined to be a writer. He was a son of a sawmill worker and grew up working hard majority of his life. He married year after he finished high school and had two children with his wife at the time. He raised and supported his children with normal working class jobs such as delivering, janitorial and gas station services. Carver discovered his interest in writing after taking a creative writing course in collegeRead MoreThe Lives and Works of Raymond Carver1692 Words   |  7 PagesWith a unique and brilliant style of writing, Raymond Carver has left a lasting and outstanding impact on the history of short stories. Even though Raymond Carver left a long impact, his life was of the opposite. Like Raymond Carver’s famous award winning stories, his life was short. Raymond Carver was born on May 25th, 1938 in Clatskanie, Oregon, a mill town on the Columbia River. Carver grew up in Yakima, Washington. Carver had thr ee members to his small family, his mother, his father, and brotherRead MoreRaymond Carver and his Works1402 Words   |  6 Pagesstory actually comes from. No matter what we do in life we all as human beings find a way to show what we have been through in our lives. Raymond Carver was no different just he had a really tough road that he traveled and it showed in his stories. According to an interview with William, Stull in â€Å"Matters of Life Death: An Interview with Raymond Carver† Carver also understood that his life showed through in his work, â€Å"Wolff said in a review of my first book of stories that he felt he could pickRead MoreAnalysis Of Cathedral By Raymond Carver Essay830 Words   |  4 PagesMistakable Judgments An Analysis of â€Å"Cathedral† Raymond Carver wrote a long-lived short story name â€Å"Cathedral†. Where a divorced women remarried after a hard experience to a person who is struggling to accept his wife’s very long relationship with a blind man. Her new husband suspiciousness controls his emotions and draw his thoughts falsely. As her very old friendship was having an unfortunate event that his wife had passed away, he arranged with her a visit to their house, which concerned herRead MoreAnalysis Of Cathedral By Raymond Carver1541 Words   |  7 PagesA New Perspective Everyone at one point has judged a book by its cover. In the short story, â€Å"Cathedral†, Raymond Carver creates a narrator who bases off ideas and assumptions about blind people from movies. The narrator has never interacted with a blind person before the day where his wife invites her friend, who is named Robert, to stay. The narrator and Robert have never met, but the narrator has a strong dislike towards Robert before meeting. The narrator’s closed-mindedness and misconceptionsRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s The Cathedral 863 Words   |  4 Pages One of the Raymond Carver story where we can find a lot of religion symbols; it is â€Å"Cathedral.† The story develops an ironic situation in which a blind man teaches a sighted man to truly â€Å"see† for the first time. Near the end of the story, Carver has these two characters work together on a drawing of a cathedral, which serves as the symbolic heart of the story. The cathedral represe nts true sight, the ability to see beyond the surface to the true meaning that lies within. The narrator’s drawingRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral1696 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Everyone has ghosts in their closets; something they are running from, or trying to bury alive. Cathedral, written by Raymond Carver, takes place in the early 1980’s. Originally published in The Atlantic Monthly in 1981. Carver slightly revised the story and re-released it in 1983. At a time when the blue collar working class lived paycheck to paycheck, working hard for newfound luxuries such as color television, this short story is humorous and eye-opening for the reader. For adultsRead MoreThe Idea, By Raymond Carver And The Death Of Justina1225 Words   |  5 PagesIn both postmodernism short stories, â€Å"The Idea,† by Raymond Carver and â€Å"The Death of Justina,† by John Cheever, the authors critique middle-class and suburban values. In the 1950’s-1960’s the United States and the Soviet Union were at international conflict, which caused the Pro-American/anti-communist defense line in America. In order not to get hunted down by the FBI the f amily units needed to project that they were â€Å"good guys† by living in a suburban community with the traditional roles of the

Pros and Cons of Social Studies Teaching Free Essays

Characteristics of Short Stories [pic][pic] References Alphonse, M. , (2011). Naturalism in Literature. We will write a custom essay sample on Pros and Cons of Social Studies Teaching or any similar topic only for you Order Now Retrieved November 20, 2012 from http://www. buzzle. com/articles/naturalism-in-literature. htmlom. Vaux, R. (2012). What Are the Basic Characteristics of Realism. Retrieved November 20, 2012 from http://www. ehow. com/facts_5714410_basic-characteristics-realism_. html. [pic] ———————– Dramatic Structure Exposition: Introduction to setting, situation, and main characters. Complication An event that introduces the conflict. Rising Action Crisis: Crucial moment for the protagonist to commit to a course of action. Climax The highest interest of conflict, the most action. Resolution The point when the conflict is resolved. Naturalism Realism Pessimism: When a character tends to repeat a phrase by having a pessimistic outlook, this sometimes emphasizes the inevitability or quality of death, or the end (Alphonse, 2011). Detachment: The author tries to maintain an objective tone by achieving a detachment or change through nameless characters. This focuses mainly on the plot and character rather than focusing on the character only (Alphonse, 2011). Determinism: The notion that individual characters have a direct choice on their lives is replaced by a focus on fate or nature; this is the opposite of the belief of free will. The author makes the reader believe that the fate of the character has already been predetermined by certain factors, especially environmental factors and he can do nothing to change it (Alphonse, 2011). Twist at the end: There is an overwhelming sense in the naturalist stories and novels that nature is not affected by human struggle. The key themes, survival, determinism, violence, and taboo, have been ideally portrayed in all the works of this literature genre (Alphonse, 2011). Accuracy: Realism strives for total accuracy in the depiction of its subjects. Devoid of any unnecessary dramatics or artistic affectation. Realistic works refrain from undue embellishment, and strive for a natural tone (Vaux, 2012). Read more: What Are the Basic Characteristics of Realism? eHow. com http://www. ehow. com/facts_5714410_basic-characteristics-realism_. html#ixzz2CmwKmoVv Honesty: Realism seeks the depiction of honesty. Avoid hiding things behind distortions or opinions. Unpleasant facts or images are presented as they are, as are plain or unassuming details about the content (Vaux, 2012). Independence: Philosophical realism stresses the independence of objects from the reader. The author gives a life and an existence separate from anything else, which will continue regardless of anyone’s opinions the matter (Vaux, 2012). Ordinariness: The subjects of realistic works are defined not by their exceptional nature, but by how ordinary they seem. This allows ordinary to have a voice (Vaux, 2012). Difficulties: Realistic protagonists are often beset by great forces beyond their control or the natural world. Through indifference of a larger society, and in many cases they do not find triumph in their struggle. Unhappy endings are not always the norm in realistic stories, but they are fairly common. Happy endings often involve compromise and larger than life victories (Vaux, 2012). How to cite Pros and Cons of Social Studies Teaching, Papers

Human Development and Life Transition Issues

Question: Discuss about theHuman Development and Life Transition Issues. Answer: Introduction Human growth and development is a complex process characterized by distinct as well as unique stages ranging from the time of conception to death. Every stage in the life span of an individual is important in growth and development of a person. Adolescence, however, is a very important and critical stage involving key developmental changes in preparation for adulthood. Adolescence is the period that occurs between childhood and adulthood marked by the onset of puberty. This stage is characterized by various normative and non-normative life transitions. The most pronounced normative transitions include the physical development, cognitive and social-emotional aspects. Non-normative include unexpected pregnancies and drug abuse. Besides, various experiences such as development of self-identity, self-esteem, self-concept and capacity for abstract reasoning occur. Therefore, this paper will focus on adolescence stage and discuss in detail various developmental changes. Human Development and Life Transition Issues Adolescence stage is the most dynamic and influential period in human development characterized by biological, psychological and physical changes. Physical development is the most noticeable changes whereby there is rapid physical growth due to increase in production of two hormones, the testosterone in males and estradiol in females. This results in sexual development and physical maturity that prepares one for adult life. Cognitive development is another aspect that grows during adolescence, where the brain undergoes substantial changes. Amygdala which is involved in emotional regulation and the cortex, influential in decision-making and thinking develops in early and late stages in adolescence respectively. Generally, the person is now able to think more efficiently, multi-dimensionally and abstractly (Steinberg, 2005). Social-emotional development also happens during this transition where the adolescent tends to spend much of their time with their peers than they do with their pa rents. Sense of new responsibility and identity crops in making them feel as an independent individual (Shaffer et al., 2013). Both normative and non-normative transitions are experienced in adolescence stage with normative more pronounced, with major changes in sex organs, weight, height, muscle mass and in brain organization and structure. Jean Piaget is a renowned developmental psychologist who described the adolescence stage from a cognitive perspective. According to Piaget, the ability to engage oneself in a formal operation thinking, is the hallmark of cognitive aspect in adolescence. He further explains that it involves the capacity to make future predictions as well as understanding abstract concepts. The capability of performing complex functions such as solving abstract problems and developing theories all fall under formal operation thinking (Modgil et al., 2013). However, unpredictable events such as risk-related behaviors in adolescent do arise that put teenagers at high risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancies. Adolescence is a stage of change, potential and challenge. As the teens reasoning patterns develop, also, a stronger sense of self develop together with seeking to understand their own identities. Self-esteem, the way an individual thinks and feels about themselves and self-concept, the individual perception of ones abilities, behavior and unique characteristics, develops and changes can be noticed. Early physical growth especially in adolescent girls, can make them withdraw from their peers hence developing low self-esteem. According to social identity theory, self-concept is made up of two key parts; social identity and personal identity. A sense to forge their own independence also creeps in and all these changes come with challenges which stress many children (Cotterell, 2013). Therefore, the parents should monitor their kids, advise them accordingly and ensure they overcome this life stage successfully. Every teenager is in search for a unique identity, in quest to answer the question, Who am I?. They want to stand out from the rest of the peers and get noticed. In pursuit of this, they fall into a state of confusion in trying to choose among different identities. They may take undesirable or negative identity or worse still give up on looking for an identity altogether. Many adolescents develop their final identity by going through four main stages of identity development according to James Marcia. These are identity-diffusion status, foreclosure status, moratorium status and identity-achievement status whereby now the child has achieved a coherent and a committed identity usually based on personal decisions (Marcia et al., 2012). How an individual perceives themselves, is usually defined by ones self-knowledge, self-esteem, self-concept and social self. These terms are interlinked and therefore, each and every adolescent struggles to reach an ideal self. Its during adolescent stage that one is conscious of their changing identity than any other life transition stage. However, ones identity is influenced by both external and internal factors which in turn, influence ones self concept during the normative and non-normative transition stages in adolescence. As adolescent struggle with their search for identity, several factors may make them to loss focus and hence end up not understanding themselves. For example, adolescents try to compare themselves with their peers and in case of grade retention; this might lower their self-esteem and become a major threat to self-concept thereby affecting the kid physically, emotionally and socially (Kessels Hannover, 2008). Gender and ethnic identity are other factors that play a major role on the self-concept, normative as well as non-normative transition stage in adolescent life. Research as shown that people who maintain and establish an ethnic identity, have higher self-esteem (Booth et al., 2014). Its important to note that peer influence is much pronounced in adolescence stage and this can make one engage in non-normative activities such as drug and alcohol abuse, early sexual relations and unexpected pregnancy that affects normal development of the adolescents. Therefore, ensuring proper counselling and well-being of the teenagers is crucial. Nurses and midwives holds a unique position in society and plays a pivotal role in ensuring high health standards among the adolescents. Adolescence is characterized by rapid and interrelated changes of the mind, body and social relationships. Therefore, understanding how the adolescent development occurs is crucial to the practice of nurses and midwives. This usually is a major challenge and acts as a barrier to tackling their health issues. However, incorporating adolescence developmental courses in nursing and midwifery classes, acts as an eye opener as it brings out the needed understanding of how this life transition takes place. Social cultural practices also have led to several health problems in adolescents. By involving themselves in immoral practices such as sexual activity and smoking of tobacco, leads to contracting of diseases such as AIDS, cancer and respiratory diseases. Therefore, through understanding the changes that occur in adolescents, the nurses should be fully competent to promote the health of the adolescents by working together with the community and the families. Nursing and Midwifery board of Australia has set standards both for registered nurses and for enrolled nurses so as to promote safe and effective delivery of services. Most of these standards are interrelated; however, the two appropriate standards for the registered nurse that would ensure proper health for adolescents are one, thinking critically and analysis of nursing practice and two, the provision of safe responses with regards to the quality of nursing practice. Through analyzing, proper research on adolescent stage and working closing with the community, then definitely they will be able to understand and hence provide safe, quality and appropriate health care to the adolescents (Cashin et al., 2016). Conclusion Adolescence is the most crucial, important and transitional stage that most parents struggle to understand every day. Its during this time that one establishes all important relationships in ones life and also the way they think and act. With the tremendous change both normative and non-normative that happen in adolescence stage, understanding of these changes by the parents and nurses is vital in maintaining high standards in health sector of this kids. It is important however, to direct more attention on the non-normative aspects so as to come up with means of curbing the negative outcomes that results. References Booth, M. Z., Curran, E. M., Frey, C. J., Gerard, J. M., Collet, B., Bartimole, J. (2014). Ethnic Identity, Gender, and Adolescent Attitude toward School: Adaptive Perspectives in Diverse Settings. Mid-western educational researcher (Akron, Ohio: 1991), 26(2), 3. Cashin, A., Heartfield, M., Bryce, J., Devey, L., Buckley, T., Cox, D., ... Fisher, M. (2016). Standards for practice for registered nurses in Australia. Collegian. Cotterell, J. (2013). Social networks in youth and adolescence. Routledge. Kessels, U., Hannover, B. (2008). When being a girl matters less: Accessibility of genderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ related selfà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ knowledge in singleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ sex and coeducational classes and its impact on students' physicsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ related selfà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ concept of ability. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 78(2), 273-289. Marcia, J. E., Waterman, A. S., Matteson, D. R., Archer, S. L., Orlofsky, J. L. (2012). Ego identity: A handbook for psychosocial research. Springer Science Business Media. Modgil, S., Modgil, C., Brown, G. (Eds.). (2013). Jean Piaget. Routledge. Shaffer, D. R., Kipp, K. (2013). Developmental psychology: Childhood and adolescence. Cengage Learning. Steinberg, L. (2005). Cognitive and affective development in adolescence. Trends in cognitive sciences, 9(2), 69-74.

Top 20 Useful Tips for Writing a Film Analysis Essay

Being assigned a film analysis essay might just be the most exciting assignment you have ever had! After all, who doesn’t love watching movies? You have your favorite movies, maybe something you watched years ago, perhaps a classic, or perhaps it is something new. Or your professor might assign a movie for you to analyze. Regardless, you are totally up for watching a movie for a film analysis essay assignment. But here’s the kicker: You will actually have to write a movie analysis essay after you watch the movie (and proofread it by Grammarly). This video gives you a great idea of how a movie analysis essay is assigned. Once you have watched the movie, facing the act of writing might knock the wind out of your sails because you might be wondering how to write a film analysis paper. Fortunately, writing film analysis papers it isn’t as difficult as it might seem  and Custom-writing.org experts will prove this. Just keep reading our advice on how to get started. Before you write Obviously, there are a few things you need to do before you start actually writing your film analysis paper. First and foremost, you have to watch the movie. Even if you have seen it a hundred times, you need to watch it again and you learn how to analyze a film. When watching the movie, keep the following tips in mind: Consider your impression of the movie. Enumerate memorable details. Try to interpret the movie message in your own way. Read/listen to experts talking about the given film. Base your arguments on the various elements of movie theory. Present and discuss conflicting opinions about the movie. Combine theory and analysis. Offer proof of your statements (quotes from the movie). Comment on the plot, settings, characters, and source material. Draw parallels between the movie you are reviewing and some other movies. Search for details that no one has spotted yet. Create an interactive analysis: involve the audience in the discussion! At this point you might be wondering what aspects should be considered when analyzing a movie? What follows are several pointers for making good film analysis essays. These days, people simply watch movies for entertainment. Such an approach will not work if you have to prepare a film analysis essay. Get ready for critical perception of the chosen/assigned film. Watch it for the first time and think about the following: What is shown in the movie? Why? What is the main message of the film? How is it conveyed? To understand the meaning of the film and explain it in your film analysis essay, you should know the main elements of cinematic structure. Some of them are: Camera placement Scene composition Shot structure, etc. By the way, you should be aware and understand all basic terms and concepts related to the film industry. When analyzing the movie in your film analysis essay, it is a good idea to think about current and historical events, phenomena. Very often, themes depicted in films are linked to various events. This will help you develop a better understanding of the movie. Do not forget about history. Say, you are writing about a horror movie. Investigate the history of this genre and learn more about famous horror film directors, their styles, etc. This will help you prepare an informative film analysis essay. With these tips, your film analysis is bound to be great, yet there is a way to make it even better! And you’ll see how to do it below.

Free Essays on Shifting Roles

Roles are shifting in many African households. Gender roles are changing as women get prestigious jobs in NGO’s and multinational companies. Women are now bringing in more money into the home and causing confusion because they are torn between contributing more as their husband’s would or insisting that the man provide none-the-less. As women bring home more money it only makes sense that they dictate how that money is used and who gets to touch the money. This spans from which television to buy to where to go on holiday. Thus there is a shift of the role of head of house from the man to the woman. Although in some homes the man insists that he will remain the head of the house and that the woman should provide as he would. As the role of head of house shifts so do the relationships within the home. Traditionally the man was feared by the children, seeing as his word was the law, but now it is the woman who is looked at that way by the children. As women are economically and domestically empowered, they are being empowered socially as well. Before women were expected to stay home after work, now it is very normal for a woman to come home and go out for a drink with her friends. During weekends as well, it is normal for women to go off with her friends for women’s group trips or clubs, thus men are being forced to stay at home with the kids. Also because women are globe-trotting a lot more, men are taking on the role of caregiver s they stay home with the children. There is also a shift in the role of the religious leader in the home. Traditionally it was the man who the church would know as the head of the family i.e. Mr Mtila’s wife and children. But now it is women who are taking a more recognised role in the church. There are more female preachers as well as more women being dedicated to church and ensuring that their families are religious. Also women’s roles in are such as sports has changed. Families u... Free Essays on Shifting Roles Free Essays on Shifting Roles Roles are shifting in many African households. Gender roles are changing as women get prestigious jobs in NGO’s and multinational companies. Women are now bringing in more money into the home and causing confusion because they are torn between contributing more as their husband’s would or insisting that the man provide none-the-less. As women bring home more money it only makes sense that they dictate how that money is used and who gets to touch the money. This spans from which television to buy to where to go on holiday. Thus there is a shift of the role of head of house from the man to the woman. Although in some homes the man insists that he will remain the head of the house and that the woman should provide as he would. As the role of head of house shifts so do the relationships within the home. Traditionally the man was feared by the children, seeing as his word was the law, but now it is the woman who is looked at that way by the children. As women are economically and domestically empowered, they are being empowered socially as well. Before women were expected to stay home after work, now it is very normal for a woman to come home and go out for a drink with her friends. During weekends as well, it is normal for women to go off with her friends for women’s group trips or clubs, thus men are being forced to stay at home with the kids. Also because women are globe-trotting a lot more, men are taking on the role of caregiver s they stay home with the children. There is also a shift in the role of the religious leader in the home. Traditionally it was the man who the church would know as the head of the family i.e. Mr Mtila’s wife and children. But now it is women who are taking a more recognised role in the church. There are more female preachers as well as more women being dedicated to church and ensuring that their families are religious. Also women’s roles in are such as sports has changed. Families u...

Child Abuse and Neglect in the State of Ohio Assignment

Child Abuse and Neglect in the State of Ohio - Assignment Example Child abuse is regarded as a national tragedy that is annually affecting more than three million children and causing the death of three children every day. Statistics indicate that, in the state of Ohio alone, the practice is quite prevalent and it is reported that about 20 children are reported as neglected or abused every hour and with the total number of reported neglected or abused children averaging at around 480 cases per day. It has been noted that most cases involving the neglect and abuse of children in the state are not reported (Congressional Record, 1999). Children are increasingly being maltreated, neglected or even abused in many different forms of ways in the different communities, countries or even social strata. The types and nature of child abuse and neglect can be subdivided into five basic broad categories, these categories are sexual abuse, physical abuse, abuse for commercial purpose, psychological/emotional abuse and neglect (Deb, 2006). In the state of Ohio, the term â€Å"child abuse† refers to exposing a child to victimization via sexual activity. This activity can be informed of enticing, compelling, hiring, permitting, employing allowing a child to act or even model or participate in any production, photograph, presentation, advertisement or any other presentation that the offender knows to be sexually oriented or obscene (Lau, Krase & Morse, 2009). A caregiver or parent committing an action that causes nonaccidental death or physical injury to a child is regarded as having physically abused the child. Physical abuse can be defined as any nonaccidental injury occurring to a child as a result of the actions of a caretaker. The abuse includes the frequent, punching, slapping, beating shaking, burning, biting and kicking of a child (Deb, 2006).

Slavery and Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Slavery and Religion - Essay Example On the other hand, religion refers to a collection of beliefs, and cultural systems which relate humanity to spirituality as well as to morality. In most cases, religion tends to guide people in their day-to-day lives with regards to humanity, spirituality and morality. Conversely, the two aspects, religion and slavery were a salient feature in most societies. Thus, the relationship between slavery and religion has been of major concern. They are intricately interlinked. In this regard, slavery cannot be wholly exonerated from religion. On one hand, slavery played a substantial role in the establishment and growth of slavery. On the other hand, slavery contributed to the establishment and development of various religions. Taking another dimension, religion played a palpable role in the eradication of slavery. Thus on this premises, this paper analyzes the mutual relationship religion and slavery. Much emphasis is however placed on the three most prevalent religions: Christianity, Isl am and Hinduism in correspondence to slavery. Prior to analyzing each of the major religions with regards to slavery, it is important to preview the concept of slavery before the existence of the world’s elaborate religions. Indeed, one thing that turns out clearly, is that slavery is of great antiquity. The ancient world was marred by various forms of servitude. These vary from class enslavement, collective slavery, sacerdotal slavery, individual enslavement to feudal enslavement1. In addition, various reasons accounted for slavery at various specified times in history. In this regards, slavery existed due to war, where those defeated in wars were captured and taken in as slaves. In some instances, slaves were purchased, other were given as gifts. In some communities, some people became slaves by virtue of birth, whereas some people gave themselves in as slaves as a settlement of debts accrued to them. In the ancient Greek, slave was a common phenomenon. This is evidenced fr om the records of the great Greek Philosophers Aristotle and Plato who asserted that slavery existed and was defined as the natural law of humanity2. Plato further averred that, for there to be a state of balance in the society, there must be two groups of people, the slaves, and the free. Early literary works as expressed in form of paintings and writings depicted an element of slavery which marred the ancient Greek. For instance early Poets and orators never ceased to talk ill of slavery. There works revealed the inhuman treatment to which slaves were subjected to. Most of them yearned for a revolution. They therefore advocated for freedom of slaves. In the early Roman times, slavery was palpable in the military and general life of the Romans. They extensively participated in the slave trade which was one of the lucrative ventures of the time. In most instances, they sourced their slaves form wars. However, the Roman Empire faced much resistance from slaves. The world’s ren own earliest slave revolution championed by Spartacus depicts how the vice had taken root in the Roman empire3. Slaves were equated to commodities, and never acknowledged as human beings. There was however a turn of events when the Roman people embraced Christianity a while later. They began to treat slaves with humane. Ancient China was also not immune of slavery. It has been recorded that poverty intensified slavery in China to large extents4. Due to economic hardships, many people sold themselves or their family members to rich masters. Some people would also sell other to avert the economic hardships. The Indian people of ancient time also acknowledged slavery. Apparently, slavery among eth Hindus was perpetuated by the incumbent

The nature of the disciplinary code in UAE Law Research Proposal

The nature of the disciplinary code in UAE Law - Research Proposal Example Qualitative methods of investigation will be used to gather data from employees and employers of various companies. This method will apply questionnaires designed for 500 responded with both closed and open ended questionnaires to come up with relevant data. It’s finally concluded that the UAE is very effective in addressing labor laws since its enactment. Introduction The purpose of this study is to establish the nature of the disciplinary code as entrenched within the Labor Laws of the UAE. Labor laws in the United Arab Emirates are governed by the federal law number eight of 1980 and it regulates all aspects of labor relations between employees and the employers (Abudhabi, 2013). It’s an advanced law that clarifies the rights and duties of all concerned parties hence benefiting both the employers and employees resulting to fewer conflicts. The labor law developed in 1980 and has been amended several times to keep it touch with the demands and realities of the dynamic world. Among the issues outlined in the labor laws include working hours, holidays, leaves, compensation, employment contracts, and disciplinary rules among others. The disciplinary code addresses part of the Labor Laws that addresses issues related to warnings, fines, and suspension from work and termination of service among others. Since the disciplinary code is vital in shaping work relationships between the employer and the employee, it’s important to establish how effective it is in addressing work related issues. The study will establish the strengths and weaknesses embedded within the disciplinary code hence providing avenues for future amendments when deemed necessary. Literature review Labour law in UAE This is a federal legislation applicable to all emirate members regardless of whether they are UAE residents or emigrants, however, with a few exemptions (U.A.E Labor Law, 2011). Those discharged from the applicability of this law include the agricultural employees, domestic servants, members of the armed forces and the police, and the staff and workers of centralized government sectors of the emirates. In addition (Al Tamini, 2011), Labor Laws cover all aspects of regarding the employer and employee relations including contracts, restrictions on employment of juveniles and women, leave rules, working hours, medical and social care, just but to mention a few . The Labor Law demands that for any employment of the expatriate, an application must be made to the ministry of labor and the ministry has the mandate to approve such application or to disapprove it. Expatriates over the 18 years age can seek short term work permits valid for 60 days and can be renewed up to five times, as long as the renewal is done before the expiry date of the work permit (Barber & Harris, 2011). Such employment has a validity of three years subject to renewal for the same period by the same ministry with no subscription to minimum wage as such is agreed by the concern ed parties. Juveniles under the age of 15 are banned from employment under the UAE Law, but those between the ages of 15 to 18 are allowed to work as long as they receive teenage work permit from the ministry. The employment of women is restricted between 10pm and 7am and they should also not be employed to perform difficult task. The working hours for adult employee are 8 hours a day

Analysis Of Scrabble, The Board Game

Analysis Of Scrabble, The Board Game Scrabble is a word building multiuser game that consists of tiles which are distributed to the players. Scrabble game can have two to four players and the ultimate objective is to form crosswords on the scrabble board. Scrabble board: The board is of 15*15 square grids. There are exactly 100 tiles available in which 98 of them are marked tiles which are alphabets from A-Z and two anonymous letters [blank tiles] and each alphabet is given a score and a blank letter is given 0 points. In scrabble, each letter have different value depends on the frequency of its usage. Blank tiles can be a substitute for any letter. Tile Values: Letters Q,Z have 10points Letters j, x have 8 points Letters f,h,v,w and y have 4 points Letter k have 5 points Letters b,c,m,p have 3 points Letters d,g have 2 points Letters a,e,i,o,u,s,t,r,n,l have 2 points each Extra points: In the scrabble board we have some squares represent multipliers. If a tile is placed on those squares the tile value is doubled or tripled based on the type of square. Double letter score: If a tile is placed on this square space the tile value is doubled, generally these cells are in light blue colour on scrabble board Triple letter score: If a tile is placed on this square space the tile value is tripled, generally these cells are in dark blue colour on scrabble board Double word Score: If a player place a word on one of these squares, the value of the entire word is doubled.generally, these are found diagonally towards the four corners of the scrabble board and these cells are in light red/pink colour. Triple word Score: If a player place a word on one of these squares, the value of the entire word will be tripled. Generally, these are found on all the sides of the board equidistant from all the corners of the scrabble board. http://www.scrabblepages.com/scrabble/rules/ Course of the game: The players are initially given a rack with seven letters known as tiles placed on a rack which can be exchanged from the bag which already consists of the tiles that act as warehouse for storing the letters. To frame a word on the scrabble board, we should place a tile from the rack connecting at least single tile which is already placed on the board. New tiles will be placed on the rack from the sack, based on the number of tiles placed on the board. Each letter will have different point value, so the game strategy is to play words with high scoring letter combinations. (Scrabble rules, 2010). A Dictionary is used to check whether the words formed by the players are valid or not. A player can Pass his chance to opponent. Also we will have another way that when a player clicks on exchange button (for this the player will be given 0 points) it will perform two activities: Firstly it replaces the set of tiles on the rack/stand with new set of tiles and then it will give the turn to the opponent player. If an individual used all his 7tiles on the rack at a time he will be awarded bonus points. Aim: Objective: Requirements: Literature Survey: Random Number Generation Algorithm: The algorithm is used when the user wants to exchange his entire rack of 7 letters with a new set of letters from the bag. The user when tries to click the exchange button, this algorithm needs to run generating the different random letters given to the user for forming a word in his next turn as mentioned in the course of the game. This algorithm can be implemented in several ways by using the function Math.random () that generates numbers between 0 and 1. As the letters need to be generated, they can be converted to characters by multiplying with 26 which represents the number of alphabets (Programming Forums, 2010). System Architecture: The system architecture is useful in the design or developing games as this process comprises of listing the requirements and finding the paths to meet the requirements. In the current design of scrabble board, the requirements are mainly categorized in two different types. The primary thing is to play the game of scrabble. Next priority is given to the implementation of scrabble game with GADDAG or DAWG algorithms. Initial requirement for playing a scrabble are about the software that would be used: 1. Java, platform independent language is used for implementing the game: The key class files that are needed for the initial start-up of scrabble: a. Board b. Rack c. Dictionary. These are the files which are primarily responsible for the user interface view. The user when executes the java file, these classes are initialized. The class file Board.java consists of a main function which in turn calls the method board (). The variables that might be used in this class are: tiles, blocks, word, square, and letters. Another method: Rack.java is initialized once the player starts the game. At the time of initialization, the rack consists of seven letters that are taken from the bag that consists of letters that will be distributed to each player based on the count of the number of letters placed on the board. Rack gets exchanged with a new set of letters if the player wishes to skip his turn by clicking an exchange button. Bag.java is the class file which fetches the information related to all the letters, their values are stored separately; this is initiated in preliminary step of Start Game. The bag contains all the 26 letters and blank letters. While playing the move, the user mouse events need to be noted. So, the methods: Mouse Clicked (), Mouse Released (), Mouse Pressed (), Mouse Exited (), Mouse Entered () will be defined based on the required events. The drag and drop of letters on the board are noted with the help of Mouse Pressed () and Mouse Released (). If the axis co-ordinates are same for both the events, it is noted that the letter is not placed on the board. Else if the co-ordinates are changed, the letters that are placed are noted. When the user hits the play button, event: Mouse Clicked () triggers and the result: letters that are placed on the board. Thus, the formed word is validated using the dictionary program which will be the implementation of GADDAG algorithm. This can be used in two different situations: a. When the user hits play button, it calculates the number of letters that the user placed on the board an d those many numbers of random letters are placed on the rack. When the user hits exchange button, the exchange.java program starts here: It selects all the letters are drop them in to the database i.e., (Bag) and provide the player with a new set of letters. Score for each letter and their values are calculated depending on the word formed and tiles under the letter. Logic for scoring goes under this area where a triple letter or triple word or double letter or double word is calculated. Execution Flow: The design of the scrabble is as follows. The first step would be to show a board, a rack and score with initial values zero for all the players. But initially the rack would be showing the seven letters those need to be on the rack for forming a word. Then, the words are formed using these letters on the rack. The letters that are placed on the scrabble is performed by using the methods: Move generation and Go On procedure as explained in the GADDAG algorithm. Moreover, GADDAG algorithm is implemented for the underlying reason of dictionary implementation which validates the word formed. The valid word as mentioned, score of each letter is counted adding all the special tiles (triple or double letter or words). There are certain variables that need to be initialized for the execution of scrabble. There should be a counter that identifies the number of letters placed or number of points awarded. Once the user plays his move with the help of Move generation and Go On procedures, the word is set to check for the validity. The variable validity is set to 0 if the word is not valid and a message that the word is invalid is displayed. Else, if the variable is set to 1 then, the Score.java class gets executed. The variable score takes the count of all the points that the player scored and updates the scoreboard for the respective players. Scrabble Board Additional Features: The optional requirements of clicking the exchange button that result in the new set of 7 letters on the rack. Here, the score becomes zero for that turn of the player. Here, the program needs to drop the letters from the rack and retrieve new set of letters. One more additional feature that might be present is Help button: When this button is triggered, the help button results in showing hints for two letter words that can be easily formed when there is a least chance for forming a word. Mouse event that needs to be triggered for this action is Mouse Clicked (). The final option that needs to be placed on the scrabble board is about: Quit button. This triggers the mouse event: Mouse Exited () which will prompt the user if he really wants to quit from the game with a menu options of Yes or No. There is one more way to finish the game. When all the tiles are used and there are no ways in which the tiles can be used for forming a word. The number of points that come from these letters that are present on the rack are calculated. These points are deducted from the total score on the scoreboard. Then, the final scores are compared with each player and the player with more points is considered to be the winner which is obvious result for a game. Technical Specifications: A scrabble board will be designed with the help of swings or Java Server Pages to form a 15*15 tiles board. The board that consists of tiles need to be filled with letters which are represented as images that have score for each corresponding letter. All the letters are stored in a database (mysql) which can be retrieved from the database using the concept of JDBC (Java Database Connectivity). While placing the tiles the concept of counter decrementing or incrementing is used for keeping the timer. Java Server Pages helps the user to design certain web applications in the form of static and dynamic components. The features of JSP technology include constructs that would be used for accessing server side objects and the code is written in text based documents that consists of the responses and requests from and to the server respectively. Swings provide multiple platform independent interfaces that may interact the users and GUI components. These APIs can be imported from the package import javax.swing.*; JDBC: is a Java API that can be used in accessing tables and entities which are stored in a relational database. These coding and technical specifications can be implemented in user friendly interfaces namely Eclipse or NetBeans IDE software where the code can be written to make easier manner of implementation (Java, 2010). Testing: Testing is a part of software development lifecycle. Life cycle of a testing identifies what activities should carry out and when to accomplish those activities. Testing plan should identify the areas to be tested and also it should calculate the risk associated with the implementation. Testing need to be carried until it reaches a checkpoint without any errors. We have different types of testing like unit testing, black box testing, white box testing, Integration testing, End-to-end testing, alpha testing, functional testing,compatable testing etc. Types of Software Testing: Different Testing Types with Details

Genetic Engineering Is Not Safe Essay -- Genetic Engineering Essays

Genetic engineering is the intended modification to an organism’s genetic makeup. There have been no continuing studies on this topic or action so there is no telling whether or not it is harmless. Genetic engineering is not safe because scientists have no absolute knowledge about living systems. Given that, they are unable to do DNA surgery without creating mutations. Any interference on an organism’s genetic makeup can cause permanent damage, hereditary defects, lack of nutritious food, or a spread of dangerous diseases. Even through the downsides of genetic engineering scientists have had a few breakthroughs. It can help us in our farming needs and also drugs for animals, and pesticides. For agriculture, engineering is used for herbicide tolerance which is the most commonly used form of alteration in plants, and it is also able to keep insects away. Drugs are also produced so that animals have healthier meat to eat. For example, chickens can be modified to produce more eggs and grow larger faster. Which is not a good thing but it is not necessarily bad. Also by doing this a person’s moral compass doesn’t exactly point due north. Biotechnology is when you produce something by using life sources. This process has an unlimited amount of possibilities. By forcing these changes on organisms and not letting them be, it can be helpful and or cause many dangerous risks to nature. By not letting the plants create their own pesticides naturally it can be helpful now but dangerous and regretful later on. Also, with the pesticide everywhere in a farm, it will lead to a tolerance to the pesticide on the part of the bugs and they will sooner or later be immune to it. For many people including myself who are against genetic eng... ... stop this process. Hopefully soon scientists will be able to minimize and control the amount of ‘beneficial’ genetic changes they make. Thus preventing any unwanted changes to our future society. Works Cited OMOTO, CHARLOTTE K. and LURQUN, PAUL F. Genes and DNA: A Beginners Guide to Genetics and It’s Applications. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004. LILLISTON, BEN and CUMMINS, RONNIE. Genetically Engineered Food: A Self-Defense Guide for Consumers. Marlowe & Company, 2000. SINGH, RAM J. and JAUHAR, PREM P. Genetic Resources, Chromosome Engineering, and Crop Improvement: Grain legumes. Volume 1 of Genetic Resources, Chromosome Engineering, and Crop Improvement, CRC press, 2004 â€Å"BIO Biotechnology Industry Organization†. June 2011. August 25 2011. http:bio.org/node/517. â€Å"Genetic mutation†. August 25 2011. http://www.environmeltalcommons.org/ctos/.

Dbq Essay on Geographies Affects on the World

Geography DBQ The ancient world is very unique, and in some ways tough to figure out. The hardest part of solving the mysteries of ancient times is getting in the minds of the people living back then. No one can completely understand the full effect of a regions geography on the shaping of civilization. The only way we can fully comprehend a civilizations reliance on geography is by reading into it. Through documents and maps we can start to understand the impact geography had on a civilizations economical, spiritual and agriculture development.Agricultural is the easiest thing to crack when trying to figure out the development of a city in ancient times. Maps provide the best information on a regions geography, it gives knowledge of possible places where humans could’ve used certain skills to their advantage or to invent new techniques to use against the downfalls of a certain area. An informative map of present day china educates the general public on the physical qualities of a region (2). This document is unprejudiced because it is a map, it was created to simply show people what China looks like, it’s facts. he reason for The Legend of Yu was to entertain the public by creatively explaining how rivers and seas were created in China (4). This is a fictional story, therefore it is biased. Spodek’s map in The World’s History is informing readers on where some of the most abundant crops and animals could be located around the world (8). Although nothing can be proven completely, this map is a very good piece of work present-day historians can use. The map in document 9 is very informative and educates the public about the fertile crescent, the mesopotamian area, located in the middle east (9).Unbiased and proven, this document, along with the three other ones mentioned are just a few examples of ways scholars may be able to investigate further into the agriculture of ancient times. Economy of cities in ancient times is a little toug her to figure out. Since everyone from those times is dead, the only way to even get any information is by reading saved documents from those specific times. Although the economies of cities have changed drastically through times, some current systems were used back then. The tough part is figuring out how those systems were created. Proven, informative statistics such as those in doc. ne, reveal to the public some of the ways people back then survived when it came to gathering food and figuring out ways to make everyday living a little simpler (1). People back then had to create some type of tools in order to get dinner and survive everyday. In the Epic of Gilgamesh the author attempts to entertain his readers by telling a story about a leader who forces is people to build a wall in order to protect them from attacks (3). Nobody wanted their city to be taken under control by someone else, even in present day we do everything we can to protect where we live. eography can really infl uence the successfulness of keeping your city under control and safe from others. Building new structures such as temples and houses was greatly affected by geography. The picture of Mohenjo daro displays the structures built there and educates the public on what common buildings looked like (6). Mountains, rivers, land, all these can affect the success of an economy. You never know what could happen and although ancient people didn’t have all the technology we do to predict disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis, their ability to manage without it is very inspiring.One bad thing and a whole city could be destroyed. Figuring out the geographical impact on spirituality is by far the most difficult thing to figure out. Ancient people could only pray to Gods to protect their land. The author of â€Å"Hymn of the Nile† is thanking the Nile river for doing all the wonderful things it has done, although this document is biased it is still very appreciative (5). People be lieved and still do believe that praying and thanking gods will result in good things happening to them. Praying for rain, or good crops, or many animals was not something new.In a criticizing tone, followers of Jesus accused the public of taking advantage of God’s generosity of gifts that don’t even belong to them (7). Because of the fact they can’t prove people are taking advantage and they’re just basing these accusations off of their beliefs, this document is biased. I’m not sure if we will ever be able to have a complete understanding of the affects geography can have on the development of a civilizations economical, agriculture and spiritual lives, it won’t stop historians from investigating. There is so much out there to learn about and the deeper you dig, the more you find.

10 Entry-Level Hospital Jobs That Are Hiring Right Now

10 Entry-Level Hospital Jobs That Are Hiring Right Now So you’ve decided you want to work in hospitals. That’s great! The healthcare sector is one of the most in-demand and steadily growing industries out there. And there are a ton of open entry-level positions that require little experience that will help you get your foot through the door. Here are 10  of the fastest bets for getting started in your hospital career- i.e. jobs that are hiring right now.1. Home Healthcare AideAs a home healthcare aide, you can work in daytime care facilities or straight from patients’ homes. You might end up doing some errands and household tasks, but you’ll also be gaining a ton of healthcare experience that will set you straight for future job searches. Average pay for healthcare aides is $20k per year.2. Registered NurseRegistered nurses are always in demand. You’ll need a nursing license and a degree, but the job growth is high and so is the salary, with median pay around $67k. You’ll have lots of flexibili ty about where you work, as well.3. Critical Care NurseCCNs have same credentials and salary as a registered nurse, but you’ll be working with patients in more life-threatening situations. Great growth and the daily opportunity to save lives are more job perks!4. Licensed Practical NurseLPNs make a median annual wage of about $43k, with great growth, and only need a nursing license and the completion of a 12-month nursing program. A  variety of work settings available for licensed LPNs.5. Certified Nursing AssistantsCNAs need only complete a state-approved education program. You might hear them referred to as â€Å"orderlies.† It’s not the most glamorous start, or the most well paid (~$26k), but it’s a way in to the industry while you build up your credentials for snazzier jobs.6. Medical AssistantA job as a medical assistant combines office duties and clinical duties for an average salary of about $30k. You can work in the offices and clinics of a vari ety of different physicians, and decide which part of hospital work you’re best at- administration or practical clinical work.7. Medical BillerHandle the billing, payments, and insurance issues for private offices, hospitals, and clinics- even rehab facilities. Median salary: $34k.8. Medical SecretaryMaybe you want to work in the healthcare field, but you’re not so great with needles or the sight of blood. No worries! You can help doctors with appointments, staff training, scheduling, supplies, correspondence, etc. instead. Average salary: $32k.9. Occupational Therapist AideGet your foot in the door of occupational therapy and also get a sense of the business side of what that sort of rehabilitation requires. Average salary: ~$32k.10. Patient Service RepresentativeYou may only need a high school diploma for this gig, though a degree will always stand you in better stead. You can make a median annual wage of just under $32k and work directly with patients, acting as a l iaison between medical staff and patients, and fielding the occasional complaint.

Romeo And Juliet, Lovers For All Time 2 Essays - Free Essays

Romeo And Juliet, Lovers For All Time 2 Essays - Free Essays Romeo And Juliet, Lovers For All Time 2 Romeo and Juliet, Lovers for All Times For: English 442 Purdue University 1998 Chrisitan L Mattix Ever since the publications of the good quarto, published in 1599, Romeo and Juliet, by William Shakespeare, has been one of the classics of Western literature (Evans 1093). In being this, it has been produced many different times, in many different ways. I will be discussing how the production of this great play has changed over time. First, though, I will supply a little background for the play. The stories of two star-crossed lovers and forbidden passion are not new to literature. There were many works before Romeo and Juliet from which Shakespeare borrowed. Some of these include Mosuccio of Salerno in his 1476 work, Il Novellin o, Luigi da Proto with his Istoria . . .di due nobili Amanti, in about 1530, and Arthur Brookes three thousand line poem titled The Tragical History of Romeus and Juliet, published in 1562 (Evans 1055). All of these had the same themes as Romeo and Juliet. This borrowing of ideas and loose use of the text continued in the manner in which the play has been produced. In 1745 and 1750 David Garrick direct several productions of Romeo and Juliet (Branam 170). In these productions he made several changed to both the way the characters are presented and to the play itself. In a 1748 text, Garrick wrote a note To the Reader: The alterations in the following play are few and trifling, except in the last act; the design was to clear the Original, as much as possible from the Jingle and the Quibble, which were always thought the great objections to reviving it (qtd. In Branam 173). Garrick uses several means to remove the Jingle and Quibble from the play (Branam 173). Where he thought the rhyme and wordplay to be excessive he would compact it. For example the long drawn out exchange between Samson and Gregory in the first scene is compressed to four lines: Sam. Gregory, I strike quickly, being mov'd. Gred. But thou are not quickly mov'd to strike. Sam. A dog of the house of Montague moves. Greg. Draw thy tool then, for here come of that house. (qtd. In Branam 173) Garrick also took liberty with Romeo's lyrical nature. He shortened many of Romeo's lines in order to dull it somewhat. For example, Garrick shortens: Why such is love's transgression. Griefs of mine own lie heavy in my breast; Which thou wilt propagate, to have it prest With more of thine: this love that thou hast shown Doth add more grief to too much of mine own. From act one, scene one, to: Which thou wilt propagate with more of thine; This love, that thou hast shewn in my concern, Doth add more grief to too much of mine own. in his 1748 text (Branam 173-174). In reading the play the rhyme is missed, but in watching a performance the mood is more set by the interaction of the two lovers, then the actual words. Another change that Garrick made, albeit reluctantly and under pressure, was the complete removal of Rosaline from the play. In 1784 he explains: Many people have imagin'd that the sudden change of Romeo's Love from Rosaline to Juliet was a blemish in his Character, but alteration of that kind was thought too bold to be attempted; Shakespear [sic.] has dwelt particularly upon it, and so great a judge of human nature, knew that to be young and inconstant was extremely natural (qtd. In Branam 177). Garrick's largest, and most prominent, change was in modifying the tomb scene. Here Garrick borrows from Thomas Otwayis History and Fall of Caius Marius, published in 1679 and based on Romeo and Juliet (Branam 174). In Shakespeare's original work the act of the poison on Romeo is almost instantaneous, but in Garricks new rendition the poison acts slowly. This gives new light to both Romeo and Juliet's characters. Garrick designed the scene to be more tragic then the original play. In this rendition, Romeo sees Juliet and she speaks to him: I now remember well Each circumstance Oh my lord, my Romeo! Had'st thou not come, sure I slept for ever: But there's a sovereign charm in thy embraces That can revive the dead Oh honest Friar!

Over-education in the graduate labour market Literature review

Over-education in the graduate labour market - Literature review Example The UK economy has increased the number of graduates in the labour force in the past two decades. In the UK, six in every ten individuals is a graduate. More people have refused to settle for the school exams such as GCSEs or A-levels by going a step further to get graduate level education. Among the European Union countries, the UK has the highest number of adults who have graduate-level qualifications (Zhang, 2007). Despite the financial crisis, investment in higher education in the UK is still high. The share of graduates has grown by 10 per cent, but the prevalence of overeducated graduates has remained stable at 30 percent (McGuiness, 2006). More women and the youth from minority groups have pursued higher education in recent years. These two groups have seen a better presentation in the graduate group than the workforce. Studies also show that graduates expect to get graduate level jobs three years or later after graduation and has settled for the idea to build a foundation for their careers (Zhang, 2007, p.46). In other studies, it is right to say that higher education may not be recognising the potential of non-traditional students. Only traditional students have higher degree classifications, higher satisfaction ratings in terms of experience and better outcome in the workforce. Graduates stand greater chances of attaining employment than non-graduates. They also stand a better position to hold management level jobs than the latter. Research also shows non-graduates between the ages of 21 and 30 have the highest rate of unemployment (Walter & Zhu, 2007). With time, graduate’s wages increase annually unlike that of non-graduates. Nonetheless, there are some jobs that are non-graduate, which require graduate skills from a degree. Most employers are focusing on skills and quality than knowledge. It is common practice, therefore, for graduates to take up a non-graduate job or voluntary work to add to their CV. According to research, approximately

Professional Issues Assignment one Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Professional Issues Assignment one - Case Study Example There is an ongoing divorce case and the some data is being required by the lawyers and prosecutors. The psychologist should seek the consent of the client as to what and to whom the information will be given and the purpose that these data will serve. Fidelity is a part of the ethical guidelines stated by BACP. Increasingly, attention has focused on providers of psychological services who need to balance the ethical principles of their profession with legal and regulatory mandates, as well as with the institutional policies of the organizations where they work. The General Guidelines for Providers of Psychological Services and the Specialty Guidelines for the Delivery of Services were promulgated to aide those involved in the professional practice of psychology within several contexts. Additional guidance on specific issues is provided in other documents, such as the Guidelines for Child Custody Evaluations in Divorce Proceedings, drafted by the Committee on Professional Practice and Standards and several others mentioned throughout his chapter. The experiment with Little Albert by Watson and Rayner achieved a great deal of information and additional knowledge that are still considered to helpful up these days in the field of psychology. Watson is a strong proponent of the idea that fear among kids is innate and it can be considered a response to an unconditioned event. The principle of info... The principle of informed consent states that children should be made aware of all the conditions and procedures that they will encounter throughout the research. There should be an approval from the child if he/she wants to participate in the research or not. The child should be provided with the freedom to decide if he/she wants to join or not and the researchers should respect the decision of the child. Non-maleficence states that the procedures should not, in any way, place the child in danger or great harm while doing the research. The psychologist should seek other safer means of doing a procedure if it entails evoking stress from the subject. The psychologist may also ask for more knowledge or assistance from other specialists if they believe that there is a potential danger in one of the steps included in the research. Task Sheet 4: Limits of competence and fitness to practice Competence can be measured by evaluation and can be maintained by keeping a sound professional relationship with clients and sustaining an objective mind to keep away from distractions and pressure. Evaluation is not new in human experience. When Adam and Eve were tempted to partake the apple, a choice was made. President of McKinley spent sleepless nights pondering on whether it was a wise move to buy the Philippines from Spain. The decision he made became a history. Trying on a new dress or buying a new pair of shoes, choosing a course, selecting a university or college - all these involve some appraisal, some evaluation. Evaluation is used to mean appraisal or measurement. As applied to education, it is the process by which we find the extent to which the objectives of the school policies and school program are being attained. Good defines evaluation as the process of determining

The future of RFID protocols Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The future of RFID protocols - Essay Example In terms of necessity, each input assigned to an RFID protocol can be acquired from computations that can only be conducted by parallel RFID tags partaking in the evidence (Peris-Lopez et al., 2011, p. 843). This ability will assure the interconnection of the tokens produced in the course of the evidence, which only the verifier can terminate within a given period. RFID tags should entail different, untraceable, and masked identifiers during every protocol implementation process (Srivastava, n.d., p. 4). Including arbitrary figures appears suitable for developing privacy-secured identifiers although it does not assure immunity against privacy hacks for suggested RFID protocols. RFID protocols should have supreme matching capabilities. For instance, when RFID tags are unable to authenticate their fitting in a certain group, separate tags can be members of a proof. As a result, only the verifier would detect the tags’ failure when sent the evidence (Peris-Lopez et al., 2011, p. 843). RFID protocols should also use encoded versions of timestamps. Verifiers should compute secure timestamps using their abiding secret input. I think a future that employs these potentials of RFID protocols will see a rise in â€Å"smart† products and smarter electronics. For instance, RFID protocols that reach these potentials should be able to tag smart clothes or machines at a store (Srivastava, n.d., p. 9). Peris-Lopez, P, Orfila, A, Hernandez-Castro, JC, van der Lubbe, JCA 2011, ‘Flaws on RFID grouping-proofs. Guidelines for future sound protocols,’ Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 34, pp.

Creation, Evolution and Intervention Essay Example for Free

Creation, Evolution and Intervention Essay I think religion and science have always been in conflict. Since the theory of Creationism has always been tied to religious accounts, it is only natural that this comes in conflict with the theory of Evolution. As it is, the theory of Creationism is based on legends and ancestral stories, whereas the theory of Evolution is based on empirical observations and scientific inquiry (â€Å"History of Creationism†). Whereas Creationism, in its literal sense, poses that all species have been existent and static since the birth of time, the theory of Evolution proposes that the existing species today are different from what existed many centuries past. The theory of Evolution eliminates the participation of a Supreme Being, which is the main character in Creationism. This, and the denigration of the human being as above other â€Å"creation† have been the root of much controversy ever since (â€Å"Evolution†). The introduction of the Intervention theory becomes another challenge for both the Creation and Evolution theories. Its affirmation of the existence of extraterrestrials and those human beings are descendents of primordial beings are against the views of Creationism, while the elimination of Neanderthals, Australopethecines and other intermediaries of human evolution and the process of Evolution per se, is completely against the views of the Evolutionists. The Views I have researched on the different views on the theories. The Creation Theory posits that the whole of the universe is made into existence by a Supernatural being. Different religions and beliefs have different versions on how the universe and the world were created by their respective Gods. The most common version of Creation is that told in the Bible Book of Genesis. Based on what I am taught, the universe was created in seven days by the God, Yahweh. It is said that the first to be created was light and in order, it was followed by the separation of the land and waters, the plants, the sun and the moon, the air and sea creatures, the land animals and lastly the first man and woman. On the seventh day, the God rested. This Creation story is similar to the version of the Muslims whose Supreme Being is called Allah. The Greeks, the Norse, the Babylonians and other cultures have their own versions but in general, the theory of Creationism holds similar elements like: the birth of the first men, a father and/or mother goddess, a supreme being, as well as a theory on destruction (â€Å"Origin Belief†). The theory of Creationism appears to be the opposite of another theory that was developed by Charles Darwin, The theory of evolution. Evolution is the process in which a certain species undergo a slow but intricate change in their traits. The changes in traits happen very slowly that differences in form and structure are only noticeable after successive generations, which could then, possibly allow the development of newer species (â€Å"Evolution†). In short, the theory of Evolution relates all organisms as having a common single ancestor that had undergone a series of changes. This means that we are still undergoing the process of evolution and our descendants my possibly be of different species. The process of evolution is subdivided into more processes, starting from adaptation, in which a species acclimatize itself with the environment; genetic drift, gene flow and mutation, in which the species body transforms its structure into something more capable of living with the environment; selection, in which the species who proves themselves incapable of adapting to the environment are naturally eliminated; and speciation, in which another species arise from a single ancestor species (â€Å"Evolution†). The Intervention theory poses as an alternative to the previous two theories. According to my research on the Intervention theory, terrestrial life was introduced on Earth by intelligent extraterrestrial beings (â€Å"Intervention Theory†). Among others, Lloyd Pye has made a controversial claim involving the Intervention theory. According to Pye’s claims, the first Homo Sapiens were products of interbreeding between the existing primates and extraterrestrials (â€Å"Lloyd Pye†). The Current Situation My experience in the academe, my observations and the theories that I’ve read say that the issue on Creationism and Evolution continues to this day. The proponents of the Evolutionary theory still hold firmly against the idea that the universe is created by a higher being while the proponents of Creationism supports the idea. While some believes that the two views are impossible to reconcile, other views are more accommodating. There are separate groups who believe that each of the theories answer different questions and must be considered separately (â€Å"Creation-evolution Controversy†). The teaching of Evolution in schools also currently poses an issue. The proponents of Creationism see the teaching as anti-theistic and propose that the theory be eliminated in the school curricula (â€Å"Creation-evolution Controversy†). The US President Bush thinks that both theories must be taught in schools to provide the public with a clear idea and understanding on the real root of the issue (Bumiller 3). The view on the Intervention theory involves a separate issue, which is against both the previous theories. Currently, there is limited evidence that could support the theory. Conclusion Among others, I think that only the Evolution theory shows empirical evidence. The other two, particularly the Creationism theory and the Intervention theory are merely based on age-old stories and hypotheses that are not yet supported by any historical and observational evidence. Proving the truth of the last two theories would be difficult. Proving any one of these involves evidence of the existence of a Supreme Being or and extraterrestrial being. This is the main problem in both the theories. The non-existence of evidence, however, does not necessarily prove its falsity. Such a case makes possible the incorporation of all the three theories into one. It is my view that the Creationism theory should not be interpreted literally. The â€Å"days† as mentioned in the Book of Genesis, for example could be interpreted as the â€Å"eras† or â€Å"eons† mentioned in the Evolution theory. Also, the Creationism theory does not mention the impossibility of the evolutionary process. It is possible that what happens in between â€Å"the days† in the Creation theory represents what the evolutionary process call â€Å"speciation†. If the land animals (including the primates) were â€Å"created† on the fifth day, and the human beings on the sixth day; and if the Creation’s â€Å"days† are equivalent to the Evolution’s eons, then what happens in between the fifth and sixth â€Å"days† was the speciation of today’s human beings from primates to Homo sapiens. That the order of â€Å"creation† of each group of living things coincides with the age of the firsts of each species creates another sound theory: the theory of Creationism and the theory of Evolution is not opposites but rather, the same theories. In other words, the theory of Creationism is simply an allegorical representation of what the theory of Evolution posits. Works Cited Bumiller, Elisabeth. Bush Remarks Roil Debate on Teaching of EvolutionThe New York Times. The New York Times. 3 Aug 2005: 3 Creation-evolution controversy. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 5 Feb 2007, 02:49 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 6 Feb 2007 http://en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Creation-evolution_controversyoldid=105712111. Evolution. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 6 Feb 2007, 06:13 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 6 Feb 2007 http://en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Evolutionoldid=105994871. History of creationism. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 1 Feb 2007, 23:14 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 6 Feb 2007 http://en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=History_of_creationismoldid=104954907. Intervention theory. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 13 Jan 2007, 15:06 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 6 Feb 2007 http://en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Intervention_theoryoldid=100447011. Lloyd Pye. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 15 Jan 2007, 00:24 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 6 Feb 2007 http://en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Lloyd_Pyeoldid=100764730 Origin belief. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 2 Feb 2007, 02:20 UTC.

Global food retail industry

Global food retail industry Exective Summary Global food retail industry has become tightly competitive in last few years. In dynamic operating environment, companies need to understand the competitive nature of the global food industry means to understand changing consumer preferences. They are making continuous efforts to meet these demands in order to secure their positions in the industry. Companies have the aim to build collaborative working relationships with stakeholders, the ultimate objective of building an efficient food distribution system. Wal-Mart is the world largest retailer in food retail industry. The company operates retail stores in various formats. It operates more than 6,000 stores in the United States and in 13 international markets. Food retail industry is a highly saturated market, new entrants would face difficulty to become successive in this industry. Stable relationships with suppliers are essential to Wal-Mart business. Wal-Mart is focusing on expanding its product line by including demanding products as well as environmentally friendly products. When analyzing the business of Wal-Mart, they actually utilize all three of the â€Å"hard Ss† of McKinseys 7S framework in their chase of their goals: Strategy, Systems, Structure. As a retail company, Wal-Mart offers a wide collection of products to the consumers. the grocery items can be placed as Wal-Marts star products. Appliance, kitchen tools, furniture, digital products, music files and software are the cash cows of the company. Pharmaceuticals, toys, electronics and health products are Wal-Mart question marks. The photo development, jewelry and shoe products distributed by the company are those that show low market share. Wal-Mart has the largest IT systems of any private company in the world. It has made significant investments in supply chain management. Wal-Mart Stores aims to capture the market penetration in food that it has achieved in hard and soft line goods. The product development team frequently attends trade shows in Europe and key fashion capitals and travels to places globally. Wal-Marts diversification strategy of the 1980s was a great success in terms of tapping and recognizing new market segments. Based from the analysis of the data by appling marketing and strategic models, it is appropriate to recommend that the product and service development strategy be applied by Wal-Mart, considering that these factors serve as the core factors affecting its growth and progress. Strategy Development in the Global Food Retail Supermarket Industry Globalization of retail is not an emerging or totally new strategy, but a current focus for many retailers. Established retailers have recognized that natural growth becoming more difficult to sustain in domistic markets, expansion into new markets is a necessary step towards securing future profitability. To understand the competitive nature of the global food industry means to understand changing consumer preferences and the food industry efforts to meet these demands. The task of moving food items from the seller to buyer is becoming increasingly complex, involving diverse local, national, and global issues. The food retail industry consists of the total revenues generated through supermarkets, hypermarkets, cooperatives, discounters, convenience stores, independent grocers, bakers, and all other retailers of food and drink. Supply chain management (SCM) is the management of materials, information, technology and funds from the raw material supplier to the consumer. It has become highly critical. It is now essential to a company revenue generating activities as it relates to growth, efficiency and customer satisfaction. SCM is critical to a company financial success in terms of revenue, cost and asset productivity. It has the aim to build collaborative working relationships between distributors, retailers, manufacturers, sales and marketing agents with the ultimate objective of building an efficient food distribution system.The most important goal of global food retailers and wholesalers is to ensure that the products they sell are safe. They act as the purchasing agent for the consumer and the final link in the supply chain. The supermarket food industry continually seeks ways to make the nation food supply safer. Question One: ‘Globalization in the food retail industry Selected Company: Wal-Mart Wal-Mart Stores (Wal-Mart) is the world largest retailer. The company operates retail stores in various formats. It operates more than 6,000 stores in the US and 13 international markets including the UK, Canada, Japan, Mexico, Brazil and China. The company retails a broad range of merchandise and services at low prices. Wal-Mart operates its business under three business segments: Wal-Mart Stores, Sams Club, and the international segment. The company has more than 2,000 retail stores in other countries. The operating formats vary from country to country. Strategic Alliances, Merger and Acquisition (MA) activity (WAL-MART IN INDIA) Wal-Mart began looking into doing business in India back in 2005. At that time Indian government was considering opening up foreign direct investment (FDI) to retailers. In November 2006, Wal-Mart beat out Tesco for a joint venture op ­portunity with Indian mobile services leader, Bharti. The reason was because Wal-Mart was more flexible about the retail model to be ad ­opted. The company priority seemed to be an early entry, so that the worlds largest retailer did not miss out on the Indian consumer boom. As per the agreement between the two corporate giants, Bharti would manage the front-end of the business, while Wal-Mart would take care of the supply chain, logistics and other back-end op ­erations. India is a ready and appealing market for Wal-Mart with its growing middle class of 250 million and an economic growth rate of nearly 9%. Although the FDI laws of the country are relatively stringent, government officials are not opposed to engaging foreign businesses in the Indian market. Since the announcement of the Wal-Mart/Bharti JV, one leading organization has emerged to represent the in ­terests of the small mom-and-pop stores. This is India FDI Watch and in addition to educating the owners about Wal-Mart, they have held large rallies and demonstrations against Bharti, Wal-Mart, and other big-box retailers. The mom-and-pops have an advantage as they are conveniently located on street corners or in the heart of cities and usually have personal relationships with most consumers. However, they do not carry the variety of goods that larger retailers do. Threat of New Entrants and Substitutes Being that the food retail industry is a highly saturated market, new entrants would face difficulty succeeding in this industry. In fact, it is highly difficult for discount retailers to penetrate other markets as Wal-Mart tried to enter Germany and South Korea. The company was unsuccessful and had to pull out because of its unprofitability. Retailers are subject to these obstacles: Economies of Scale Cost of Capital Distribution Channels Substitute products are products that can be used as replacements for other products to satisfy the same necessity of consumers. Wal-Mart benefits from this idea as discounters have lower prices than department stores and consumers go for higher quality product with the lowest prices. Wal-Mart is working on providing the best customer service possible but as a high-traffic store, it is generally impossible to provide one on one service. Bargaining Power of Suppliers and Buyers Stable relationships with suppliers are essential to Wal-Mart business. Without timely inventory deliveries, Wal-Mart could not maintain its full shelves and would lose customers. For this reason, the company engages in contractual agreements with its suppliers. This arrangement is beneficial for both parties, as the supplier makes sure it will have constant access to retailers with large market share. This way, suppliers have a guaranteed buyer for the supplies and can arrange specific prices. Consumers today are searching for the best deals possible. They are waiting for discounts and sales to bulk up on products. Discount retailers like Wal-Mart are creating huge supercenter stores because they want their stores to become a one-stop trip. Customers know what they want and how far they are willing to search for the item. Retailers must maintain high inventory levels to retain customers and their market share. Customers traveling a couple of miles to a store want to find the products they need in stock. Question Two: Global food retail market dynamics The ongoing changes and innovations in global food markets, as well as the trends in different sectors of the food industry, make up a complex dilemma with consumers, producers, and global retailing and manufacturing firms. A growing trend in food markets is the shift in growth of food sales from high-income (developed) countries to lower income (developing) countries. Despite the shift, per capita commercial sales show wide regional disparities worldwide, though growth in food sales in the developing countries is expected to continue. In anticipation of this growing market, food firms appear to be repositioning themselves and investing in many developing countries. Measures of competitiveness vary at the firm, industry and country level. Competitiveness is influenced by such forces as technological innovations, public institutions, infrastructure support, firm organizational structure, and government policies. Small food manufacturers face macroeconomic constraints similar to those of large firms, such as exchange rate fluctuations and market access barriers in foreign markets. Retail sector issues centered on the impact of globalization on food retailing in emerging economies, and the impact of changing consumer preferences on food retailing. Although a country may import little food, the impacts of globalization impacts are reflected in its food retail sector. Wal-Mart Profitability Secure Strategies A prominent trend in the retail industry is consumers buying less and less. Until about few years ago, consumers depended on credit cards. They did not hesitate to add to their already large debts but now consumers are trying to pay down debts instead. Wal-Mart discount stores, supercenters and wholesaler clubs have maintained their price leadership strategy known as â€Å"Save money live better.† This strategy was implemented in year 2008 and is aimed at families with children and middle income consumers trying to save. Wal-Mart is focusing on expanding its product line by including wellness products as well as environmentally friendly products. With the high energy prices facing consumers and the ideas of eating healthier and natural food, Wal-Mart has stocked products that would appeal to these consumers while maintaining its competitive prices. The company maintains a flexible management style where it is willing to satisfy changing demands. To meet demand, the company must encourage managers to monitor high demand products and drop unpopular product lines that may be a waste of inventory space. Another trend is discounter development of private labels. To compete with national brands, supermarkets and retailers have developed their own brands with the cooperation of manufacturers. These products are to be distributed and sold only in the retailers stores. Net Profit Margin measures how much out of every dollar of sales a company actually keeps in earnings. A company with high net profit margin indicates that it has better control over its costs. In this category, Wal-Mart outperforms Costco, BJs and industry, but lags behind Target. This table shows that how much Wal-Mart has been successful to invest into food retail facilities in order to secure its future profitability in terms of earnings. Question Three: McKinseys 7S framework for identifying core competencies and capabilities, discuss the ability of â€Å"Wal-Mart† When analyzing the business of Wal-Mart, they actually employ all three of the â€Å"hard Ss† in their pursuit of their goals: Strategy Systems Structure Their strength in all three of these Ss is probably a big reason why they have been so successful. Strategy Wal-Marts overall strategy is to always provide the lowest prices. Additionally, they aim to have a store which provides convenience by allowing consumers to find everything they need under one roof.This strategy of convenience with low prices has driven Wal-Mart to be the business leader that it is. Additionally, they plan to continue to expand into markets not yet penetrated by major chains, and some markets that are already saturated, such as New England and California.The other two hard Ss, systems and structure, support this strategy. Also, low prices everyday has become the style and shared values of Wal-Mart. Even the staff is completely committed to providing the lowest possible prices. The skills of workers are also geared to finding inefficiencies and towards decreasing prices. The low cost strategy has driven Wal-Mart to do things such as call suppliers collect, do away with manufacturer representatives at sales meetings, do away with regional offices, etc. Systems Wal-Mart has in place a set of systems that helps it achieve its strategy of low prices everyday. The largest and most profitable of these systems is the Information Technology system. Wal-Mart has employed computers, networking, and the internet to reduce inventories and waste, and speed deliveries. Wal-Mart can connect to their suppliers and transmit them data so they know what Wal-Mart needs and when.The lower inventories allow Wal-Mart to produce inventory turnover rates of around 70% which is really high. Additionally, Wal-Mart has worked with suppliers in order to improve their efficiencies in production which they then pass to Wal-Mart and then to the consumer. Because of Wal-Mart strategy, these reduced costs due to systems allow Wal-Mart to reduce consumers prices. Wal-Mart has streamlined the supply system so well that it would be very hard to find any inefficiency and would be hard for any competitor to beat. Additionally, Wal-Mart has a very efficient human resource syste m set-up that has both mostly kept employees happy, and resisted unionization. Wal-Mart is the largest private employer and has developed systems to tie raises and bonuses to performance. This encourages employees to think of the company and to always do their best. Structure Wal-Mart also employs a good structure that works with the systems to empower the low price strategy. Wal-Mart has planned warehouses and integrated them with systems. Additionally, they place their warehouses strategically so that one warehouse can serve many stores. They have developed time schedules so that one truck can service many stores and that after a delivery the truck can take back returned goods to the warehouse. The supercenter design itself is a structural advantage and strategy that Wal-Mart uses. This design allows consumers to come to a single Wal-Mart store to find everything they need from groceries to gifts to clothes to toys. Wal-Mart has designed an efficient management structure that allows it to eliminate the regional office. This structure alone has saved Wal-Mart millions of dollars a year. When Wal-Mart places stores in strategic locations and drives traffic using convenience and then combines the sales with its systems and structure, people get a highly ef ficient corporation that can cut costs to a bare-minimum which are then passed along to the consumer. If Wal-Mart continues to dominate these three Ss, it will continue to dominate the retail market. Question Four: BCG product matrix model, identifying major products of Wal-Mart As a retail company, Wal-Mart offers a wide array of products to the consumers. These include groceries, toys, apparel for women, men and children, jewelry as well as other hard goods; all of these product lines are sold at reasonable and generally affordable prices. In order to analyze the operation and performance of the selected products of the company (Wal-Mart), the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix is used. The Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix is a tool developed to assess company business units. Specifically, the BCG Matrix is used to evaluate the business units level of market growth and share. The distribution done in this matrix was based on the 2008 revenue report of the company. Stars In above diagram, the grocery items function can be placed as Wal-Marts star product. The report stressed that this served as the top revenue generator of the company, contributing to 22% in the total sales. While this generates the most cash flow, it should also be considered that this product causes the most inventory cost to the company, considering that Wal-Mart has to derive its grocery supplies to multiple suppliers or companies. Cash cows On the other hand, the hard (appliance, kitchen tools, furniture) and soft goods (digital products, music files, software) are the cash cows of the company. Compared to the groceries, the supply chain for these products are less complex. The private-label goods are considered cash cows particularly in the international sector. This is because American brands do not exhibit the same impact or appeal to foreign buyers as with foreign consumers. As cash cows, it is essential that Wal-Mart uses these products to generate funds that would support its other business units particularly those categorized as stars and question marks. Question marks Pharmaceuticals, toys, electronics and health products are Wal-Mart question marks. As indicated in the revenue report, these products may generate sales but not enough to compensate the level of funds required to distribute them. Multiple suppliers and costly inventory make these products the question mark type. For this reason, it is practical that Wal-Mart consider limiting the inventory of these products to save on inventory expenses. Dogs Finally, the photo development, jewelry and shoe products distributed by the company are those that exhibit low market share as well as growth. Considering the number of alternatives available in the market with these products, it is indeed difficult for the company to keep these product lines. As certain retailers are focused on distributing these goods, they have more business flexibility than Wal-Mart, allowing them to overcome sales issues. Question Five: product life cycle and â€Å"Ansoff growth matrix† Product life cycle Wal-Mart is committed to improving operations, lowering costs and improving customer service. But the key to retailer Wal-Marts success is its ability to drive costs out of its supply chain and manage it efficiently. Many supply chain experts refer to Wal-Mart as a supply chain-driven company that also has retail stores. Wal-Marts company philosophy (‘The Wal-Mart Way) is to be at the leading edge of logistics, distribution, transportation, and technology. Wal-Mart has the largest IT systems of any private company in the world. The Wal-Mart business model would fail instantly without its advanced technology and supply chain. Wal-Mart has made significant investments in supply chain management. Ansoff growth matrix Ansoff matrix allows the marketers to look at different ways to grow the business through existing products and markets and new products and markets. Moreover, the matrix is composed of four various strategies: Market Penetration Wal-Mart Stores aims to capture the market penetration in food that it has achieved in hard and soft line goods. The retail giant, which posts more than a 10% market share in many nonfood categories, plans to rise up its food share through quick supercenter expansions. To achieve their market penetration goals, they believe in three guiding principles: Customer Value and Service Partnership with its associates Community involvement Product Development Wal-Mart product development group influenced the look, feel and variety of merchandise. The product development group headed by strong communicators worked with the buyer for the category and various suppliers to improve the consistency of qualities and sizes of merchandise. The product development team frequently attends trade shows in Europe and key fashion capitals and travels to places globally. The group findings are then regularly presented to merchants, marketers and package designers during the year. Major seasonal trend overview meetings are held for spring and fall with smaller meetings held for summer and holidays. Market Development Wal-Mart always seek to take advantage of on its international strategy, it is working in the direction of build ­ing new retail stores in other countries.They planned to educate activists around the world about Wal-Mart retail development strategies and the company impact on local retail culture. The three major tactics used by the company before to enter a country include: Build ­ing partnerships with local businesses and organizations Working with government officials Tapping into the growing middle class purchasing power Diversification Wal-Marts diversification strategy of the 1980s was a great success in terms of tapping and recognizing new market segments. Sams club was the most successful diversification of all at the decade by adopting wholesaling concept. The first Sams Club launched in April 1983. The company, on the other side, opened its first Wal-Mart Supercenter in 1988. It was essentially a complete Wal-Mart discount store with a supermarket added to it. Wal-Mart diversification into new retail formats during the 1980s did more than improve the firm growth in the fundamental areas of retail. Diversification also gave the company the chance to take risks and experiment. Evaluation the Usefulness of Marketing and Strategic Models Based from the analysis of the selected company, it is then appropriate to recommend that the product and service development strategy be applied by Wal-Mart, considering that these factors serve as the core factors affecting its growth and progress. With this type of strategy, Wal-Mart can increase its sales by means of modifying or enhancing its existing products and services. This strategy has been recommended as it has the ability to support the company potential to reach greater markets. Wal-Mart has multiple product lines that will be affected by this strategy. With the BCG matrix, it is appropriate that the company starts off the development with its prime product lines. Through this, the company will have sufficient funds to support other relevant activities in the future. However, by means of this strategy, Wal-Mart will be able to strengthen the market position of each of its product divisions, resulting to greater hold to these specific markets. The suggested strategy does not only fit the purpose of the company and support its future growth but has also been recommended based on the capability of the company to implement it. Wal-Mart has an efficient distribution system which in turn would support this strategy. The culture of the retail company also fits the requirements of this recommendation. Specifically, the company devotes ample time and resources to develop and maintain a skilled workforce. With productive managers and employees, the delivery of the developed goods of the company will be made possible. As a result, greater satisfaction from the customers will be obtained. Reference Sources Text Books Lynch, R. (2006) Corporate Strategy, Fourth Edition, Financial Times Prentice Hall. Mintzberg, H., Ahlstrand, B. and Lampel, J. (1998) Strategy Safari, Financial Times Prentice Hall Johnson, G., Scholes, K. and Whittington, R. (2005) Exploring Corporate Strategy: Text and Cases, 7th Edition, Financial Times Prentice Hall. Online Sources http://www.walmart.com/ http://walmartstores.com/sites/AnnualReport/2008/docs/wal_mart_annual_report_2008.pdf www.economist.com www.metrofoods.net/ www.ft.com www.ers.usda.gov/Briefing/GlobalFoodMarkets/Industry www.plunkettresearch.com/Industries/